Gate valve ni valve erikukirayo kumanywa omu bantu boona, erikukoresibwa munonga, erikukoresibwa munonga omu kurinda amaizi, eby’ekyoma n’ebindi makorero, emirimo yaayo mingi emanyirwe akatare, TWS omu mutindo n’okureeberera eby’obuhangwa n’okukora emirimo y’okugyezesa kumara emyaka mingi, okwihaho okushanga valting valves okucondooza troble kwonka gate na certa aha, ebindi ebirikukwata aha kucondooza okurikukirayo kwegyendesereza kandi okurikwetegyerezibwa gye.
Okurugirira aha mitwarize y‘enkora etari emwe n‘emwe ey‘ebikwato by‘omuryango, ebikwato by‘omuryango nibibaasa kubaganisibwamu emiringo ebiri: ekika kya wedge n‘ekika kya parallel.
Empapura z‘omuryango z‘ekipande ky‘omuryango gw‘omugoye nizishushana n‘ekipande ky‘okukinga, kandi omwanya gw‘okukingaho nigushendashenda aha rubaju rwa rwagati rw‘omuhanda, kandi ekipande ekiri ahagati y‘empapura z‘omuryango n‘entebe y‘ekipande nikikoresibwa kuhikiiriza okukinga (okukinga). Empapura z’okuteeraho nizibaasa kuba eirembo rimwe nari eirembo ribiri.
Ebicweka by’okukingaho eby’omuhanda gw’omuryango ogurikushushana nibishushana kandi nibihikaana n’omurongooti gwa rwagati gw’omuhanda, ebirikubaganisibwamu emiringo ebiri: ebiine n’ebitariho omuringo gw’okukinga. Hariho entaama y’emirundi ebiri erimu omuringo gw’okugihamya, entaama ku erikuba neeza ahansi, omugoye gw’entaama ibiri ezirikushushana niguhamibwa aha ntebe ya valve ahabw’enyonyi erikutemba, omuhanda gw’okusheesheka nigusharaho, entaama ku erikwimuka kandi eigura, entaama neetaanisibwa aha itaka ry’okuteerana ry’entaama, entaama neetunguuka kuhika aha rubaju rumwe he the he bo,. Entaama ku erikusheesheka omu ntebe ya valvu aha rubaju rw’entebe ya valvu ibiri ezirikushushana, amaani g’amaizi nigakoresibwa kunyiga entaama aha mubiri gwa valvu aha rubaju rw’okushohoza valvu kukingaho amaizi.
Okurugirira aha ntambura etari emwe n‘emwe y‘omuti gwa valve ku omuryango gukingirwe kandi gukingirwe, valvu z‘omuryango nizibaganisibwamu emiringo ebiri: valvu z‘omuryango gw‘omuti ogurikwimuka n‘emiryango y‘omuryango gw‘omuti ogusherekirwe. Omuti gwa valvu n’omuryango gw’omuryango gw’omuti ogurikwimuka nigutunguuka kandi gugwa omu bwire bumwe waaba nookinga nari nigukinga; valvu y’omuryango gw’omuti ogusherekirwe ku erikwigurwa nari ekingirwe, omuti gw’omuti nigwetoorora gwonka, kandi okutunguuka n’okugwa kw’omuti gw’omuti tikurikureebwa, kandi ekipande ky’omuti nikitunguuka nari nikigwa. Ekirungi kya rising stem gate valve n‘okugira ngu oburaingwa bw‘okukingura omuhanda nibubaasa kucwerwa orubanja ahabw‘oburaingwa bw‘okutunguuka kw‘ekiti kya valve, kwonka oburaingwa oburikutwarwa nibubaasa kukyendeezibwa. Waaba nooreeba omukono nari omukono, hindura omukono nari omukono omu rubaju rw’eshaha kukinga valvu.
2. Emikoro n’emisingye y’okutooranamu ebishumuruzo by’omuryango .
01. Valvu y'omuryango oguri ahansi
Emikoro y’okukoresa valvu z’omuryango oguriho:
(1) Emipiira y’amajuta na gaasi y’obuhangwa. Valvu z’omuryango ezirimu ebiina by’okuhindura omuhanda nazo nizikora gye omu kuboneza emipiira.
(2) Emipiira n’ebintu by’okubiikamu amajuta agashemeziibwe.
(3) Emyanya y’okukora amajuta na gaasi z’obuhangwa.
(4) Emipiira erimu ebicweka by’omubiri ebihanikire.
(5) Emipiira y’okuhingisa gaasi omu rurembo.
(6) Purojekiti z’okugaba amaizi.
Omusingye gw'okutoorana valvu y'omuryango oguriho:
(1) Aha mipiira y’okuhingisa amajuta n’omuriro gw’obuhangwa, nizitooranwa ebikwato by’omuryango gw’empapura ebiine omuryango gumwe nari ebiri. Waaba nooyenda kuboneza omupiira, toorana valvu y’omuryango ogurikwiguka kandi erimu enyamaishwa emwe n’ekiina ky’okuhindura.
(2) Aha mupiira gw’okutwara n’ebintu by’okubiikamu amajuta agashemeziibwe, valve y’omuryango ogurikwiragura erimu omuryango gumwe nari ebiri ogutarimu kiina ky’okuhindura nizitooranwa.
(3) Aha kikwato ky’okukoresa omwaaro gw’amajuta na gaasi y’obuhangwa, valvu y’omuryango ogurikweshushaniriza n’empapura z’omuryango gumwe nari ibiri n’entebe y’omuryango ogurikwiragura n’ekiina ky’okuhindura nizitooranwa.
(4) Aha mipiira erimu ebicweka by’omubiri ebihanikire, ebikwato by’omuryango ebirikushushana n’omusyo nibitooranwa.
(5) Aha mipiira y’okujanjaaza gaasi omu ndembo, omuryango gumwe nari omuryango gw’empapura ibiri ogurikukingaho omugoye ogurikwiguka ogw’omuryango ogurikutooranwa nigutooranwa.
(6) Aha purojekiti z‘okuha amaizi, valvu y‘omuryango gumwe nari ey‘omuryango ebiri etaine kiina ky‘okuhindura ekiina open rod flat gate valve neetooranwa.
02. Valvu y'omuryango gwa wedge
Emirundi y‘okukoresa wedge gate valve: omu miringo etari emwe n‘emwe ya valve, gate valve niyo erikukirayo kukoresibwa, okutwarira hamwe neekora gye omu kwigura omu bwijwire nari omu kukinga omu bwijwire kwonka, terikubaasa kukoresibwa omu kuhindura n‘okukyendeeza.
Wedge gate valves okutwarira hamwe nizikoresibwa omu myanya ahu hatariho biragiro bigumire aha bipimo by‘aheeru bya valve, kandi embeera z‘okukoresa nizikira kuba mbi. Nk’eky’okureeberaho, omuringo gw’okukora ogw’obutagatsi bwingi n’amaani maingi nigwetengyesa ebicweka by’okukinga kukingwa kumara obwire buraingwa.
Omu bwijwire, okukozesa puresha mpango, okusharaho puresha mpango (entaaniso mpango ya puresha), okusharaho puresha nkye (entaaniso ya puresha nkye), okuteera akaari kakye, okusheeshasheesha n‘okusheeshasheesha, ebiriisa bingi ahagati, ebiriisa bikye (cryogen), wedge gate valve nibihaburwa. Nk’eky’okureeberaho, nikikoresibwa munonga omu by’amashanyarazi, okusheenya amajuta, eby’amajuta, amajuta g’omu nyanja, eby’amaizi g’omu taapu n’eby’okushemeza amaizi g’emiferere omu kwombeka endembo, n’eby’emibazi.
Omusingye gw'okutoorana:
(1) Ebyetaago by’emitwarize y’amaizi g’omu valve. Valvu z‘omuryango nizitooranwa ahabw‘embeera z‘okukora eziine obuzibu bukye bw‘okusheesheka, obushoboorozi bw‘okusheesheka bw‘amaani, emitwarize mirungi y‘okusheesheka n‘ebyetengo by‘okukinga ebigumire.
(2) Omuringo gw’obutagatsi bwingi n’ogw’amaani. Nk’omuriro gw’amaani, obutagatsi bwingi n’amajuta g’amaani.
(3) Obutagatsi obukye (cryogen) obw’omugati. Nk’amaizi g’ammonia, amaizi g’amaizi, oxygen y’amaizi n’ebindi bihandiiko.
(4) Pureesha nkye n’oburaingwa bwingi. Nk’okukora purojekiti z’amaizi ga taapu, purojekiti z’okuboneza amaizi g’emiferere.
(5) Emipiira y’okuhingisa gaasi omu rurembo.
(6) Purojekiti z’okugaba amaizi.
Omusingye gw'okutoorana valvu y'omuryango oguriho:
(1) Aha mipiira y’okuhingisa amajuta n’omuriro gw’obuhangwa, nizitooranwa ebikwato by’omuryango gw’empapura ebiine omuryango gumwe nari ebiri. Waaba nooyenda kuboneza omupiira, toorana valvu y’omuryango ogurikwiguka kandi erimu enyamaishwa emwe n’ekiina ky’okuhindura.
(2) Aha mupiira gw’okutwara n’ebintu by’okubiikamu amajuta agashemeziibwe, valve y’omuryango ogurikwiragura erimu omuryango gumwe nari ebiri ogutarimu kiina ky’okuhindura nizitooranwa.
(3) Aha kikwato ky’okukoresa omwaaro gw’amajuta na gaasi y’obuhangwa, valvu y’omuryango ogurikweshushaniriza n’empapura z’omuryango gumwe nari ibiri n’entebe y’omuryango ogurikwiragura n’ekiina ky’okuhindura nizitooranwa.
(4) Aha mipiira erimu ebicweka by’omubiri ebihanikire, ebikwato by’omuryango ebirikushushana n’omusyo nibitooranwa.
(5) Aha mipiira y’okujanjaaza gaasi omu ndembo, omuryango gumwe nari omuryango gw’empapura ibiri ogurikukingaho omugoye ogurikwiguka ogw’omuryango ogurikutooranwa nigutooranwa.
(6) Aha purojekiti z‘okuha amaizi, valvu y‘omuryango gumwe nari ey‘omuryango ebiri etaine kiina ky‘okuhindura ekiina open rod flat gate valve neetooranwa.
02. Valvu y'omuryango gwa wedge
Emirundi y‘okukoresa wedge gate valve: omu miringo etari emwe n‘emwe ya valve, gate valve niyo erikukirayo kukoresibwa, okutwarira hamwe neekora gye omu kwigura omu bwijwire nari omu kukinga omu bwijwire kwonka, terikubaasa kukoresibwa omu kuhindura n‘okukyendeeza.
Wedge gate valves okutwarira hamwe nizikoresibwa omu myanya ahu hatariho biragiro bigumire aha bipimo by‘aheeru bya valve, kandi embeera z‘okukoresa nizikira kuba mbi. Nk’eky’okureeberaho, omuringo gw’okukora ogw’obutagatsi bwingi n’amaani maingi nigwetengyesa ebicweka by’okukinga kukingwa kumara obwire buraingwa.
Omu bwijwire, okukozesa puresha mpango, okusharaho puresha mpango (entaaniso mpango ya puresha), okusharaho puresha nkye (entaaniso ya puresha nkye), okuteera akaari kakye, okusheeshasheesha n‘okusheeshasheesha, ebiriisa bingi ahagati, ebiriisa bikye (cryogen), wedge gate valve nibihaburwa. Nk’eky’okureeberaho, nikikoresibwa munonga omu by’amashanyarazi, okusheenya amajuta, eby’amajuta, amajuta g’omu nyanja, eby’amaizi g’omu taapu n’eby’okushemeza amaizi g’emiferere omu kwombeka endembo, n’eby’emibazi.
Omusingye gw'okutoorana:
(1) Ebyetaago by’emitwarize y’amaizi g’omu valve. Valvu z‘omuryango nizitooranwa ahabw‘embeera z‘okukora eziine obuzibu bukye bw‘okusheesheka, obushoboorozi bw‘okusheesheka bw‘amaani, emitwarize mirungi y‘okusheesheka n‘ebyetengo by‘okukinga ebigumire.
(2) Omuringo gw’obutagatsi bwingi n’ogw’amaani. Nk’omuriro gw’amaani, obutagatsi bwingi n’amajuta g’amaani.
(3) Obutagatsi obukye (cryogen) obw’omugati. Nk’amaizi g’ammonia, amaizi g’amaizi, oxygen y’amaizi n’ebindi bihandiiko.
(4) Pureesha nkye n’oburaingwa bwingi. Nk’okukora purojekiti z’amaizi ga taapu, purojekiti z’okuboneza amaizi g’emiferere.
(5) Omwanya gw’okutaho: oburaingwa bw’okutaho bwaba buri bukye, valve y’omuryango gw’omuti gw’omwirima neetooranwa; Oburaingwa bwaba butaine bugarukiro, valvu y‘omuryango gw‘omugoye ogukingire neetooranwa.
(6) Nikyo kyonka kyaba nikibaasa kwigurwa kimwe nari kukingwa kimwe, kandi kitarikubaasa kukoresibwa omu kuhindura n’okuzibira, wedge gate valve neebaasa kutooranwa.
3. Enshobi ezirikukira kubaho n’okuzireeberera
01. Enshobi ezirikukira kubaho n’ebirikureetaho ebishumuruzo by’omuryango .
Bwanyima y‘okukoresa valvu y‘omuryango, ebizibu ebi nibikira kubaho ahabw‘obutagatsi bwagati, okugyemeserezibwa, okusheenya n‘okutambura kw‘okugyeragyeranisa kwa buri nkoragana.
(1) Okusheeshasheesha: Hariho emiringo ebiri, nikwo kugira ngu okusheeshasheesha kw’aheeru n’okusheeshasheesha kw’omunda. Okusheeshasheesha okurikuza aheeru ya valve nikwetwa okusheeshasheesha, kandi okusheeshasheesha nikukira kubaho omu bibokisi by’okutaho ebintu n’omu bikwatiraine n’ebikwato bya flange.
Enshonga ahabwenki akabokisi k’okutaho ebintu kasheesheka: omuringo nari omutindo gw’ebintu ebiteirwemu tigurikuhikiiriza ebirikwetengyesa; Okukura okupakira nari okujwara ebiti; Ekicweka ky‘okupakira ekitaine rubaju Okusheeshasheesha aha mutwe gw‘ekiti.
Enshonga ahabwenki okusheeshasheesha kw’okuteerana kwa flange: ebintu nari obuhango bw’ekikwato ky’okukinga tiburikuhikiiriza ebirikwetengyesa; Omutindo mubi gw’okukora aha itaka ry’okukingaho flange; okuhamya kubi obukomooko oburikuteerana; Emipiira terikutebeekanisibwa gye, ekirikureetaho emigugu y’okwongyeramu erikurenga aha nshonda zoona.
Ekirikureeta okusheeshasheesha kw‘omunda kwa valve: Okusheeshasheesha okurikureetwaho okukinga kwa valve okutarimu nshonga n‘okusheeshasheesha kw‘omunda, okurikureetwaho okushiisha aha mutwe gw‘okukingaho kwa valve nari omuzi gw‘okukingaho ogutaine rubaju.
(1) Okusheeshasheesha nikukira kureetwa okusheeshasheesha kw’aha mutwe gw’ekikingirizo ky’omubiri gwa valve, ekikingirizo kya valve, omuti gwa valve na flange. Okusheenya nikukira kubaho ahabw’ebikorwa by’omugati, kwonka n’ebirikuruga omu kurekura ions kuruga omu filler na gasket.
(2) Okusheenya: okusheeshasheesha kw‘omu mwanya nari okusheeshasheesha okurikubaho obu entaama n‘entebe ya valve biri omu nkora y‘okugyeragyeranisa ahansi y‘okugyemeserezibwa kw‘okukoragana okumwe.
02. Okureeberera .za valvu z'omuryango
(1) Okuboneza okusheeshasheesha kw’aheeru kwa valvu
Waaba noonyiga ekipapura, obukomooko bw‘ekibunu bushemerire kuteebwa omu muringo ogurikushushana okwetantara okuhinduka kw‘ekibunu kandi okasigaho omwanya gw‘okunyiganyiga. Omu bwire nibwo bumwe n‘okuteeraho okupakira, omutindo gwa valve gushemerire kuhindurwa kugira ngu okupakira okwehinguririize omutindo gwa valvu kushushane, kandi n‘okuzibira okunyiganyiga kufa munonga, kugira ngu kutakwata aha kuhindura omutindo gwa valve, kwongyera aha kujwara kw‘okupakira, n‘okukyendeeza aha bwire bw‘okuheereza. Aha mutwe gw’ekiti ky’ekikwato ky’okuteeraho nigusheenya, n’ahabw’ekyo omubazi nigubaasa kusheeshasheesha, kandi gushemerire kukorwaho kubaasa kumaraho enkovu eziri aha mutwe gw’ekikwato ky’ekikwato ky’okuteeraho otakakozesiibwe.
Ahabw’okusheeshasheesha kw’okuteerana kwa flange, gasket yaaba esisikeire, eshemerire kuhindurwa; Ebintu by’okukoresa omu kukinga byaba bitatoorainwe gye, ebintu ebirikubaasa kuhikiiriza ebirikwetengyesa omu kukozesa biine kutooranwa; Omutindo gw‘okukora aha rubaju rw‘okukingaho flange gwaba guri mubi, orubaju rw‘okukingaho flange ruteekwa kwihwaho kandi rugarukye rukorwe kuhitsya obu ruraabe ruhikire.
Okwongyera ahari ekyo, okuhamya gye obukomooko bwa flange, okutebeekanisa gye emipiira, n’okwetantara emigugu y’okwongeraho erikurenga aha nkoragana ya flange byona nibihwera omu kuzibira okusheeshasheesha aha nkoragana ya flange.
(2) Okuboneza okusheeshasheesha omunda ya valve .
Okuboneza okusheeshasheesha kw‘omunda n‘okumaraho okusiisikara kw‘aha mutwe gw‘okukingaho n‘okukingaho okutaine rubaju aha muzi (obu empeta y‘okukingaho erikunyiganyiga omu rupapura rwa valve nari omu ntebe n‘orukoba). Eitaka ry‘okukingaho ryaba rikozirwe butunu aha mubiri gwa valvu n‘aha rupapura rwa valvu, tihaine buremeezi bw‘omuzi ogurikusheesheka n‘okusheeshasheesha.
Ekicweka ky’okukingaho kyaba kisisikeire munonga, kandi ekicweka ky’okukingaho kyaba kihangirwe empeta y’okukingaho, empeta eya ira eshemerire kwihwaho kandi empeta ensya y’okukingaho eshemerire kuteebwaho; Ekicweka ky‘okukingaho kyaba kikozirwe eby‘ebyoma butunu aha mubiri gwa valvu, ekicweka ky‘okukingaho ekisisikeire kiine kubanza kyaihwaho, reero empeta ensya y‘okukingaho nari ekicweka ky‘okukingaho ekikozirwe eby‘ebyoma kiine kushendwa kibe ekicweka kisya ky‘okukingaho. Ebishaju, ebizimba, ebizimba, ebizimba n’ebindi bizibu by’aha mutwe gw’okukinga byaba biri ahansi ya 0.05mm, nibibaasa kwihwaho orikubishenda.
Empeta y’okukinga yaaba neenyigirizibwa-omu kandi ehamire, PTFE tape nari erangi erikwera egumire neebaasa kuteebwa ahansi y’entebe ya valve nari omu nshonda y’empeta y’okukinga, reero enyigirizibwe omu kipande kubaasa kureetera omuzi gw’empeta y’okukinga kwijura; Ekipande kyaba kiine obuhuta, PTFE tape nari erangi erikwera eshemerire kuteebwa ahagati y’obuhuta okuzibira amaizi kusheesheka ahagati y’obuhuta.
(3) Okuboneza .valveokukyereba
Omu kutwariza hamwe, omubiri gwa valve na bonnet nibishushana, kandi omuti gwa valve nigukira kuba gurimu ebiina. Omu kuhunduuza, ebintu ebirikuruga omu kusheenya biine kubanza byaihwaho, kandi omuti gwa valve ogurimu ebiina by’okusheenya gushemerire kukorwa aha lathe kwihaho okushoberwa, kandi ekipapura ekirimu ekirikurekura mpora kiine kukoresibwa omu mwanya gwakyo, nari ekipapura kiine kushemezibwa n’amaizi agateirwemu ebiriisa kwihaho ions z’okupakira eziine ekizibu aha muti gwa valve ogwa corro.
(4) Okuboneza okusharaho aha rubaju orurikukingaho .
Omu kukoresa .valve, omwanya ogurikukingaho gushemerire kuzibirwa okusheenyagurika nk’oku kirikubaasika, kandi torque teine kuba mpango munonga valvu yaaba ekingire. Eitaka eririkukingaho ryaba riri ery’okusheenya, niribaasa kwihwaho orikushenda.
Ekyakana, okushanga ebishumuruzo by’omuryango .
Omu mbeera y‘akatare eriho hati n‘ebyetengo by‘abarikubikozesa, ebikwato by‘omuryango gw‘ekyoma nibikora ekicweka kihango. Nk‘omureeberezi w‘omutindo gw‘ebintu, okwihaho okumanya okukyebera omutindo gw‘ebintu, twine n‘okugira okwetegyereza kurungi aha kintu kyonyini.
01. Omusingi gw’okugyezesa ebikwato by’omuryango gw’ekyoma .
Okugyezibwa kw’ekyoma ky’omuryango gw’ekyoma nikurugiirira aha mutindo gw’eihanga GB/T12232-2005 “Ekikwato ky’okuteeraho omuryango gw’ekyoma ekirikukwatiraine n’ekyoma ky’okuteeraho”.
02. Ebintu by’okukyebera eby’ekyoma by’omuryango
Okukira munonga harimu: akamanyiso, obuhango bw‘ekisiika bukye, okugyezibwa kwa pressure, okugyezibwa kw‘ekigogo, n‘ebindi, ahari ebyo obuhango bw‘ekisiika, pressure, okugyezibwa kw‘ekigogo n‘ekintu ekikuru eky‘okukyebera, kwonka n‘ekintu kikuru, haaba hariho ebintu ebitarikuhikaana, nibibaasa kucwerwa orubanja butunu nk‘ebintu ebitarikuhikiiriza ebirikwetengyesa.
Omu bugufu, okukyebera omutindo gw‘ebintu n‘ekicweka kikuru ky‘okukyebera ebintu byona, obukuru bwakyo nibweyoreka, nk‘abakozi b‘omu maisho abarikukyebera, twine kugumizamu nituhamya omutindo gwabo, ti kukora omurimo murungi gwonka omu kukyebera ebintu, kureka n‘okugira okwetegyereza kw‘okukyebera ebintu, kugira ngu tubaase kukora gye omu kukyebera.
Ekitongore ky'amaizi ekya Tianjin Tangguokukira munonga kureetaho okugumisiriza okushutamavalvu y'ekihuguhugu,valvu y'omuryango,Y-ekigyezo, valvu y'okugyeragyeranisa, valvu y'okukyebera, valvu y'okugyeragyeranisa, ekirikuzibira okugaruka enyima n'ebindi.
Obwire bw'okuhandiika: Okwaikumi-26-2024
