Omuringo gw’okubanza ogw’eby’obushuubuzi bwa valve (1949-1959)
01Tebekanisa okuheereza okugaruzaho eby'entaasya y'eihanga
Obwire kuruga 1949 kuhika 1952 bukaba buri obw’okugaruka omu by’entaasya y’eihanga ryangye. Ahabw’ebyetengo by’okwombeka eby’entaasya, eihanga niriyenda ahonaaho omubaro muhango gw’abantu .za valvu, ti .valvu za puresha nkye, kwonka n’ekibinja ky’ebikwato ebirikukora nk’eby’amaani n’eby’ahaiguru ebyabaire bitakozirwe omu bwire obwo. Okutebekanisa okukora valve kuhikiiriza ebyetaago by’eihanga eby’ahonaaho n’omurimo muhango kandi ogugumire.
1. Kwebembera n‘okuhagira okukora
Okurugirira aha nkora ya “okutunguura eby’okukora, okutunguura eby’entaasya, okuteekateeka aha by’obutegyeki n’eby’abantu buntu, n’okugasira abakozi n’ebintu”, gavumenti y’abantu neetwara omuringo gw’okukora n’okuragiira, kandi neeshagika n’amaani amakorero g’abantu buntu ag’ahagati n’agakye kugaruka kwiguraho n’okukora valvu. Aha kiro ky'okubanza eky'okutandikaho People's Republic of China, ikorero ry'ekyoma erya Shenyang Chengfa rikahendera rikingire bizinesi yaryo ahabw'amabanja garyo maingi kandi ritaine akatare k'ebintu byaryo, ryasigaho abakozi 7 bonka kurinda ikorero, kandi ryaguza eby'okukoresa by'ebyoma 14 kubaasa kuguma n'enshohoza. Bwanyima y’okutandikaho New China, ahabw’obushagiki bwa gavumenti y’abantu, ikorero rikagaruka ryatandika kukora, kandi omubaro gw’abakozi omu mwaka ogwo gukeeyongyera kuruga ahari 7 kuhika ahari 96 obu gwatandika. Okurugirira ahari ekyo, ikorero eryo rikaikiriza kukora ebintu kuruga omu kampuni ya Shenyang Hardware Machinery, kandi okukora ebintu ebyo kukatandika kureebeka omu muringo musya. Omubaro gw’abakozi gukeeyongyera kuhika ahari 329, kandi buri mwaka bakaba nibakora ebikwato 610 eby’okukoresa omu nkora ya valve zitari zimwe na zimwe, kandi buri mwaka bakakora ebikwato bya valve zitari zimwe na zimwe, kandi bakaba nibakora sente zirikwingana 830,000 yuan. Omu bwire nibwo bumwe omuri Shanghai, ti bizinesi z’abantu buntu ezaabaire nizikora valvu zonka ezaagarukiremu kwigura, kwonka eby’entaasya y’eihanga ku byagarukiremu, omubaro muhango gw’ebitongore bikye eby’abantu buntu bikaigurwa nari byahindura byatandika kukora valvu, ekyareeteire ekibiina ky’ekibiina ky’eby’okwombeka omu bwire obwo kutunguuka juba.
2. Okugura n'okuguza hamwe, kutebekanisa okukora kwa valve
Ahabw’okugira ngu ebitongore bingi eby’abantu buntu bikahinduka eby’okukora valve, ekibiina ky’okubanza eky’okwombeka ekya Shanghai Construction Hardware Association kikaba kitarikubaasa kuhikiiriza ebyetaago by’entunguuka. Omu mwaka gwa 1951, abakozi ba valve omuri Shanghai bakatandikaho ebitongore 6 eby’ahamuheru kukora emirimo y’okukora n’okuragiira eby’okukoresa omu kitongore ky’okugura eby’okurya ekya Shanghai ekya China Hardware Machinery Company, n’okuta omu nkora okugura n’okuguza hamwe. Nk’eky’okureeberaho, Daxin Iron Works, erikukora omurimo gw’okukora ebikwato by’okuteera ebyoma ebihango eby’omuhendo mukye, n’ekyombeko ky’ebyoma ekya Yuanda, Zhongxin, Jinlong na Lianggong, ekirikukora eby’okuteera eby’okukoresa eby’amaani maingi n’eby’ahagati, byona nibishagikwa ekitongore kya Shanghai ekya Munisiparite ya Fundu Util I China. Ahansi y’obwebembezi bw’ekitongore ky’amajuta ekya minisiture y’eby’amakorero, ebiragiro ebihikire nibiteebwa omu nkora, reero bwanyima bikahindukira aha biragiro by’okukora. Gavumenti y‘abantu eyambire amakorero g‘abantu buntu kusingura oburemeezi omu kuhanga n‘okuguza kurabira omu nkora y‘okugura n‘okuguza emwe, omu kubanza ekahindura oburemeezi bw‘eby‘entaasya bw‘amakorero g‘abantu buntu, kandi yatunguura ekihika ky‘okukora ebintu kya bakama ba bizinesi n‘abakozi, abagarukire enyima munonga omu bya tekinologiya, eby‘okukoresa biine, Ucircd the factory omubaro muhango gw’ebintu bya valve eby’ebitongore ebikuru nk’amashanyarazi, eby’ekyoma n’eby’amajuta kugaruka kutandika kukora.
3. Entunguuka y’okugaruraho obuheereza bw’okwombeka eby’entaasya y’eihanga .
Omu ntebeekanisa y’emyaka etaano ey’okubanza, eihanga rimanyire purojekiti z’okwombeka 156 ez’omugasho, aharizo okugaruraho ekishaayi ky’amajuta ekya Yumen hamwe n’okukora eby’ekyoma bya Anshan Iron and Steel Company ni purojekiti ibiri z’amaani. Okubaasa kugaruka kukora amajuta omu Yumen Oilfield ahonaaho, ekitongore ky’okureeberera amajuta ekya minisiture y’eby’amajuta kikatebeekanisa okukora ebicweka by’ebyoma by’amajuta omuri Shanghai. Ekyombeko ky’ebyoma ekya Shanghai Jinlong Hardware Factory n’abandi batandikire omurimo gw’okugyezaho kukora ekibunu ky’ebyoma ebirikukora nk’eby’okukoresa eby’omugati. Nikiteekateekwaho kuteekateeka aha buremeezi bw‘okugyezesa-okukora valvu z‘omugati z‘amaani n‘amakorero makye g‘omuringo gw‘omukoro. Ebika ebimwe nibibaasa kutoorezibwa byonka kurugiirira aha sampo ezirikuheebwa abakozesa, kandi ebintu by’amazima nibikyeberwa kandi bihandiikwa aha maapu. Ahabw’okugira ngu omutindo gw’ebyoma ebyabaire bicumitirwe gukaba gutari murungi, omubiri gw’ekyoma ogwabandize kucumitwa gukaba guteekwa kuhindurwa guhindurwe eby’okuteera eby’ekyoma. Omu bwire obwo, hakaba hatariho drilling die ey’okukoraho oblique hole processing y’omubiri gwa globe valve, n’ahabw’ekyo ekaba neebaasa kutimba n’emikono yonka, reero ekaterezibwa omuteezi w’emotoka y’emigugu. Bwanyima y’okusingura oburemeezi bwingi, aha muheru tukasingura omu kugyezaho kukora ebikwato bya NPS3/8 ~ NPS2 eby’okukoresa omu nkora y’okuteera omuryango gw’ekyoma n’ebikwato by’okuteera ensi, ebyabaire nibishemeza abakozesa. Omu kicweka kya kabiri ky’omwaka 1952, amakorero ga Shanghai Yuanta, Zhongxin, Weiye, Lianggong n’agandi gakakora omurimo gw’okugyezaho kukora n’okukora omu bwingi ebikwato by’ekyoma ebikozirwe omu mafuta g’amajuta. Omu bwire obwo, enteekateeka n’emitindo ya Soviet bikakoresibwa, kandi abakozi b’eby’obuhangwa bakeega barikukora, kandi baasingura oburemeezi bwingi omu kukora ebintu. Okugyezesa okukora ebikwato by’ekyoma kya Shanghai cast steel valves kukatebeekanisibwa minisiture y’amajuta, kandi n’okutunga obushagiki bw’amakorero gatari gamwe na gamwe omuri Shanghai. Ekyombeko kya Asia (hati ekyombeko ky’okuhunduuza eby’oma ekya Shanghai) kikaha eby’okukoresa eby’ekyoma ebyabaire nibihikiiriza ebyetaago, kandi ekyombeko kya Sifang Boiler kikahwera omu kuteera ebyoma. Okugyezibwa oku kukahendera kwasingura omu kugyezesa okukora eky’okureeberaho ky’ekyoma ekirikucumitwa, kandi ahonaaho bakatebeekanisa okukora omu bwingi kandi baayohereza omu Yumen Oilfield kugikozesa omu bwire. Omu bwire nibwo bumwe, eby’okukoresa eby’ekyoma ebya Shenyang Chengfa n’eby’ebyoma ebya Shanghai Daxin nabyo bikaha .valvu z'amaani makyen’obuhango bw’eiziina obuhango obw’amashanyarazi, Kampuni ya Anshan Iron and Steel kugaruka kutandika kukora n’okwombeka endembo.
Omu bwire bw’okugaruka omu by’entaasya y’eihanga, eby’obushuubuzi bwa valvu omu ihanga ryangye bitunguukire munonga. Omu mwaka gwa 1949, valve output ekaba eri 387t yonka, eyayeyongyeire kuhika ahari 1015t omu 1952. Omu by’obuhangwa, ebaire neebaasa kukora valve z’ekyoma ezicukire n’ebikwato bihango ebiine amaani makye, ebitarikuha valve ezirikuhikaana zonka ahabw’okugarukaho kw’eby’entaasya y’eihanga, kureka n’okutaho entunguuka nungi y’ebiro by’omumaisho eya China.
02Eby'obushuubuzi bya valve bitandikire
Omu mwaka gwa 1953, eihanga ryangye rikatandika enteekateeka y’okubanza ey’emyaka etaano, kandi ebicweka by’amakorero nk’amajuta, eby’emibazi, eby’ekyoma, amashanyarazi n’amakara byona bikatunguura omuvuyo gw’entunguuka. Omu bwire obu, okwetenga kwa valvu nikweyongyera. Omu bwire obwo, n’obu haraabe haabaireho amakorero makye g’abantu buntu maingi agaabaire nigakora ebikwato bya valve, amaani gaabo g’eby’obuhangwa gakaba gari makye, eby’okukoresa byabo bikaba bihingwireho, amakorero gaabo gakaba gari makye, minzaani yaabo ekaba eri mikye munonga, kandi gakaba gataataine munonga. Okubaasa kuhikiiriza ebyetaago by’okutunguuka kw’eby’entaasya y’eihanga omu bwangu, Minisiture y’okubanza ey’ebyoma (emanyirwe nka Minisiture y’okubanza ey’ebyoma) neegumizamu n’okugaruka kutebeekanisa n’okuhindura amakorero g’abantu buntu agabandize n’okujanjaaza okukora kwa valvu. Omu bwire nibwo bumwe, hariho enteekateeka n‘amatembezo g‘okwombeka omugongo n‘ebishumuruzo bya valvu. Enterprise, eby’obushuubuzi bya valve omu ihanga ryangye bikatandika kutandika.
1. Okugaruka kutebeekanisa eby’obushuubuzi bya valvu eby’akabiri omuri Shanghai .
Bwanyima y’okutandikaho China ensya, Ekibiina kikata omu nkora enkora ya “okukozesa, okuzibira n’okuhindura” ahabw’amakorero n’obushuubuzi bwa kapitalisti.
Kikashangwa ngu hakaba hariho amakorero makye 60 nari 70 ag’okukora valvu omuri Shanghai. Amakorero aga makuru gakaba garimu abantu 20 kuhika ahari 30 bonka, kandi agakye gakaba garimu abantu bakye bonka. N’obu amakorero aga garikukora valve garaabe nigakora valve, tekinologiya yaago n’okugakoresa nibigaruka enyima munonga, eby’okukoresa n’ebyombeko by’amakorero nibyanguhi, kandi n’emiringo y’okubikora n’eyanguhi. Ebimwe biine ekikwato kimwe nari bibiri byonka ebyanguhi eby’okuteera nari eby’okuteera omusipi, kandi hariho n’ebyoma bimwe byonka eby’okukoresa omu kusheenya, ebingi aharibyo nibikoresibwa n’emikono. , hatariho obushoboorozi bw’okukora design n’ebintu by’okugyezesa. Embeera egi terikuhikaana n’okukora eby’omurembe, kandi terikubaasa kuhikiiriza ebyetaago by’okukora ebitebeekanisiibwe eby’eihanga, kandi tikirikubaasika okutegyeka omutindo gw’ebintu bya valvu. Okubaasa kukora eki, Gavumenti y’abantu eya Shanghai Municipal ekozire omukago n’abarikukora valve omuri Shanghai, kandi baataho Shanghai Pipeline Switches No. 1, No. 2, No. 3, No. 4, No. 5, No. 6 n’ebindi bitongore by’omugati. Okugaita ebyo aharuguru, obutegyeki oburi ahagati omu by’obuhangwa n’omutindo, oburikugaita gye obutegyeki obujanjaire kandi oburimu akavuyo, obwo nibureetaho munonga ekihika ky’abakozi abaingi kwombeka obutegyeki bw’abantu boona, oku n’okugaruka kutebeekanisa kw’amaani okw’okubanza omu by’obushuubuzi bwa valve.
Bwanyima y’omukago gwa gavumenti n’ebitongore by’obwegyese omu mwaka gwa 1956, eby’obushuubuzi bya valve omuri Shanghai bikakora entunguuka ya kabiri n’okugaruzaho eby’obushuubuzi aha rurengo rwingi, kandi amakampuni g’abakugu nka Shanghai Construction Hardware Company, Kampuni y’okukora ebicweka by’ebyoma by’amajuta hamwe na Kampuni y’ebyoma by’omutaano gakatandikaho. Ekitongore kya valve ekyabandize kukwatanisa n’eby’okwombeka, kikataho Yuanda, Rongfa, Zhongxin, Weiye, Jinlong, Zhao Yongda, Tongxin, Fuchang, Wang Yingqi, Yunchang, Dehe, Jinfa, na Xie kurugiirira aha kicweka. Hariho amakorero ga rwagati nka 20 omuri Dalian, Yuchang, Deda, n’ebindi Buri ikorero rya rwagati riine amakorero ga satellite maingi agari ahansi y’obushoboorozi bwaryo. Eitaagi ry’ekibiina hamwe n’ekibiina ky’abakozi b’ahansi bikateebwaho omu kitongore kya rwagati. Gavumenti ekaha abajwekyerwa b’abantu obujunaanizibwa bw’okwebembera emirimo y’obutegyeki, kandi omu muringo ogurikuhikaana n’ekyo ekatandikaho ebibiina by’okukora ebintu, eby’okugaba, n’eby’esente, kandi mporampora ekata omu nkora emiringo y’okutegyeka erikushushana n’ey’ebitongore bya gavumenti. Omu bwire nibwo bumwe, ekicweka kya Shenyang nakyo kikagaita amakorero makye 21 gahinduka Chengfa .Valvu y'omuryangoFakitore. Kuruga obwo, eihanga rireetsire okukora eby’obushuubuzi ebikye n’ebihango omu muhanda gw’entebeekanisa y’eihanga kurabira omu bitongore by’okutegyeka aha rurengo rwona, kandi ritebeekaniise n’okutebeekanisa okukora kwa valvu. Egi n’empindahinduka omu nkora y’okukora eby’obushuubuzi bya valve kuruga obu China ensya yaatandika.
2. Ekyombeko ky'ebyoma ekya Shenyang kyahindurwa kyatandika kukora valve
Omu bwire nibwo bumwe n’okugaruka kutebeekanisa abakozi ba valvu omuri Shanghai, ekitongore ky’ebyoma eky’okubanza kikabaganisamu okukora ebintu bya buri ikorero eriine akakwate butoosha, kandi kyashoboorora gye obuhabuzi bw’okukora eby’obukugu obw’amakorero againe akakwate butoosha n’amakorero makuru ag’omu kicweka ag’eihanga. Ekyombeko ky’ebyoma ekya Shenyang General kikahindurwa kyaba eky’obukugu omu kukora valve. eby’obushuubuzi. Ekyabandizeho ikorero eri kikaba kiri ofiisi y’ekitongore ky’eby’obutegyeki ekya mainland hamwe n’ekyombeko ky’Abajapani ekya Dechang eky’eby’obushuubuzi bw’ebishuba. Bwanyima y’okutandikaho New China, ikorero eri rikakira kukora eby’okukoresa by’ebyoma bitari bimwe na bimwe n’ebintu ebirikuteerana emipiira. Omuri 1953, kikatandika kukora eby’okukoresa omu kukora embaaho. Omu mwaka gwa 1954, obu yaabaire eri ahansi y’obushoboorozi bwa First Bureau eya minisiture y’ebyoma, ekaba eine abakozi 1,585 hamwe na seti 147 z’ebyoma n’ebintu bitari bimwe na bimwe. Kandi eine obushoboorozi bw’okukora ebyoma ebikozirwe omu itaka, kandi amaani g’eby’obuhangwa nigakiraho. Kuruga 1955, kubaasa kumanyiira entunguuka y’entebeekanisa y’eihanga, kikahindura gye omu kukora valve, kyagaruka kyayombeka emyanya y’okubanza ey’okukora eby’ekyoma, okuteerana, ebikwato, okuhunduuza eby’oma n’okuteera eby’ekyoma, kyayombeka omwanya musya gw’okuteeraho n’okuteera ebyoma, kandi kyataho n’ekitongore ky’okucondooza ekya rwagati (centrological laboratory s vertation and a metr. Abamwe aha ba tekinologiya bakatwarwa kuruga omu ikorero rya Shenyang Pump. Omu mwaka gwa 1956, 837t za .valvu za puresha nkyebikakorwa, kandi okukora munonga ebikwato by’okukoresa omu kusheeshasheesha kw’amaani n’eby’ahagati kukatandika. Omu mwaka gwa 1959, 4213t z’ebipimo bikakorwa, harimu 1291t z’ebipimo by’amaani n’eby’ahaiguru. Omu mwaka gwa 1962, kikahindurwa eiziina kyaba Shenyang High and Medium Pressure Valve Factory kandi kyahinduka kimwe aha bitongore ebihango eby’omugongo omu by’okukora valve.
3. Enshonga y’okubanza ey’okukora valve .
Omu biro by’okubanza eby’okutandikaho New China, okukora valve omu ihanga ryangye kukaba nikukira kushoboororwa ahabw’okukoragana n’entaro. Omu bwire bwa “Great Leap Forward”, eby’obushuubuzi bya valve omu ihanga ryangye bikatunga enshonga y’okubanza ey’okukora. Ebirikuruga omu Valve: 387t omu 1949, 8126t omu 1956, 49746t omu 1959, emirundi 128.5 ey’omu mwaka gwa 1949, n’emirundi 6.1 ey’omu mwaka gwa 1956 obu omukago gwa gavumenti n’ebitongore by’obwegyese gwatandika. Okukora valve za pressure z’ahaiguru n’ez’ahagati kukatandika kukyererwa, kandi okukora omu bwingi kukatandika omu mwaka gwa 1956, kandi buri mwaka bakakora 175t. Omu mwaka gwa 1959, ebyarugiremu bikahika ahari 1799t, ebyabaire biri emirundi 10.3 ahari ebya 1956. Entunguuka y’ahonaaho omu kwombeka eby’entaasya y’eihanga ereetsireho okutunguuka kwingi omu by’obushuubuzi bwa valve. Omu mwaka gwa 1955, ikorero ry’okuteera amajuta erya Shanghai Lianggong rikabaasa kugyezaho kukora ekikwato ky’okuteera amajuta g’omuti gwa Noiri eky’okukoresa omu mwanya gw’amajuta ogwa Yumen; Shanghai Yuanda, Zhongxin, Weiye, Rongfa n’amakorero agandi ag’ebyoma agagyezesiibwe kukora ebyoma ebikozirwe omu itaka, eby’ekyoma ebikozirwe omu itaka eby’omugati n’eby’amaani g’amaani n’amaani g’eiziina ahabw’emisiri y’amajuta n’ebihingwa by’ebishaka Ebikwato by’okuteera ebigimusa eby’amaani maingi ebya PN160 na PN320; Ekyombeko ky’ebyoma ekya Shenyang General hamwe n’ekyombeko ky’ebyoma ekya Suzhou (ekyabandizeho ekyoma kya Suzhou Valve) bakasingura omu kugyezaho kukora valve z’amaani g’amaani ahabw’ekyombeko ky’ebihimba ekya Jilin Chemical Industry Corporation; Ekyombeko ky’ekyoma ekya Shenyang Chengfa kikasingura omu kugyezaho-okukora valve y’omuryango gw’amashanyarazi erimu obuhango bwa DN3000. Niyo valve mpango kandi erikuremeera munonga omuri China omu bwire obwo; Ekyombeko ky’ebyoma ekya Shenyang General Machinery Factory kikasingura omu kugyezesa-okukora ebikwato by’okugyezesa eby’amaani maingi munonga ebiine obuhango bwa DN3 ~ DN10 n’amaani ga PN1500 ~ PN2000 ahabw’ekikwato ky’okugyezesa eky’omugati eky’amaani maingi ekya polyethylene; Shanghai Daxin Iron Factory eyakozirwe ahabw’eby’obushuubuzi bw’ebyoma Valve y’omuyaga ogurikwotsya ogw’obutagatsi bw’ahaiguru erimu obuhango bw’eiziina bwa DN600 n’ekikwato ky’okusheeshasheesha DN900; Ekyombeko kya Dalian Valve, Wafangdian Valve n’ebindi nabyo bitungire entunguuka y’ahonaaho. Okwongyera aha miringo n’obungi bwa valvu kireetaire okutunguuka omu by’obushuubuzi bwa valvu. Namunonga n’ebyetengo by’okwombeka eby’obushuubuzi bwa “Great Leap Forward”, amakorero makye n’agagati g’okukora valve gakatandika omu ihanga ryona. Omu mwaka gwa 1958, amakorero g’eihanga ag’okukora valvu gakaba gaine Hari haihi igana, gakakora ekibiina kihango ky’okukora valvu. Omu mwaka gwa 1958, omubaro gwona ogwakozirwe omu valve gukeeyongyera gwahika ahari 24,163t, okweyongyera kwa 80% kukira 1957; Omu bwire obu, okukora valve omu ihanga ryangye kukaba kuhikire aha nshonga y’okubanza. Kwonka ahabw’okutandikaho abakozi ba valve, nakyo kikareetera oburemeezi bwingi. Nk’eky’okureeberaho: okukuratira omuhendo gwonka, ti mutindo; “okukora ebikye n’okukora ebihango, emiringo y’omu kyanga”, okubura embeera za tekinologiya; design obwo orikukora, okubura enteekateeka z‘omutindo; kopa n’okukopa, ekirikureetaho okushoberwa omu by’obuhangwa. Ahabw’ebiragiro byabo eby’omutaano, buri omwe aine emiringo y’okukora etari emwe n’emwe. Ebigambo bya valvu tibirikushushana omu myanya etari emwe n‘emwe, kandi n‘omubaro gw‘okuteerana kw‘eiziina n‘obuhango bw‘eiziina tibirikushushana. Amakorero agamwe nigagamba aha mitwarize ya Soviet, agandi nigagamba aha mitwarize ya Japan, kandi agandi nigagamba aha mitwarize ya America na Bungyereza. Okushoberwa munonga. Omu kureeba ebika, ebirikworeka, obuhango bw‘okukwatiraine, oburaingwa bw‘enkora, embeera z‘okugyezibwa, emitindo y‘okugyezesa, obubonero bw‘erangi, eby‘omubiri n‘eby‘obuhangwa, n‘okupima, n‘ebindi Amakampuni maingi nigakozesa omuringo gw‘okugyeragyeranisa gumwe ogwa “okugyeragyeranisa omubaro gw‘entebe”, omutindo tigurikuhamibwa, eby‘entaasya tibirikutunguuka, eby‘entaasya tibirikutunguuka. Embeera omu bwire obwo ekaba eri “etaataine, erimu akavuyo, nkye, kandi eri ahansi”, nikwo kugira ngu amakorero ga valvu gakajanjaara buri hamwe, enkora y’okutegyeka erimu akavuyo, okubura emitindo y’eby’obuhangwa n’ebirikworeka ebiri omu nkora, n’omutindo gw’ebintu gukaba guri ahansi. Okubaasa kugaruza enyima embeera egi, eihanga rikacwamu kutebeekanisa abakozi abarikukora aha nshonga egi kukora okucondooza aha by’okukora omu ihanga ryona aha biro 2019.valvueikorero.
4. Okucondooza okwabandize omu ihanga ryona aha kuhanga valve .
Okubaasa kumanya embeera y’okukora valvu, omu mwaka gwa 1958, Bureau y’okubanza n’eya kashatu ey’ekitongore ky’ebyoma eky’okubanza ekatebeekanisa okucondooza kw’eihanga ryona aha kukora valvu. Ekibiina ky'okucondooza kikaza omu bicweka 4 n'endembo 24 omu bukiizi-bwa-bumosho bwa China, omu bukiizi-bwa-bumosho bwa China, omu bukiizi-bwa-bumosho bwa China hamwe na Central South China kukora okucondooza okuhikire aha makorero 90 agarikukora valve. Ogu n’omurundi gw’okubanza omu ihanga ryona okucondooza kwa valvu kuruga obu eihanga rya China ryatandika. Omu bwire obwo, okucondooza kukaba kutaire omutima aha bakozi ba valvu abaine omubaro muhango kandi abaine emiringo n’ebintu bingi, nk’ekyombeko ky’ebyoma ekya Shenyang General, ekyoma kya Shenyang Chengfa, ekyoma kya Suzhou, na Dalian Valve. Ekyombeko, Ekyombeko ky’ebintu by’okukoresa omu Beijing (ekyabandize ekyombeko ky’eby’okukoresa omu Beijing), Ekyombeko ky’eby’okuteera ekya Wafangdian, Ekyombeko ky’eby’okuteera ekya Chongqing, abakozi b’eby’okukoresa baingi omuri Shanghai na Shanghai Pipeline Switch 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, na 6 facto.
Kurabira omu kucondooza, ebizibu ebikuru ebiriho omu kukora valve bikashangwa omu kubanza:
1) Okubura entebeekanisa yoona n‘okugabanisa emirimo omu muringo oguhikire, ekirikureetaho okugarukamu kukora ebintu kandi kirikuteganisa obushoboorozi bw‘okukora ebintu.
2) Emiringo y’ebintu bya valve terikushushana, ekireetsireho oburemeezi bwingi omu kutoorana n’okureeberera kw’omukozesa.
3) Omusingi gw‘okupima n‘okukora emirimo y‘okukyebera ni mubi munonga, kandi nikigumire kureeba ngu ebintu bya valvu byaguma biri birungi n‘okukora ebintu bingi.
Omu kugarukamu ebizibu ebi aharuguru, ekibiina ky’okucondooza kikataho enkora ishatu ahari minisiture n’ebitongore, harimu okuhamya entebeekanisa yoona, okugabanisa emirimo omu muringo oguhikire, n’okutebekanisa okuringana kw’okukora n’okuguza; okuhamya omutindo n’emirimo y’okukyebera eby’omubiri n’eby’emibazi, okukora omutindo gwa valvu oguri omu bumwe; n’okukora okucondooza okurikugyezesibwa. 1. Abeebembezi ba 3rd Bureau eki bakakiha ekitiinisa kingi. Eky’okubanza, bakata omutima aha murimo gw’okutaho omutindo. Bakakwatsa ekitongore ky’okucondooza aha bya tekinologiya y’okukora eby’oma ekya minisiture y’okubanza ey’ebyoma kutebeekanisa abakozi b’ebyoma abaine akakwate n’okukora emitindo y’ebintu by’okukoresa omu mipiira eya minisiture, eyaateirwe omu nkora omu by’obushuubuzi omu mwaka gwa 1961. Ekirakozesibwa omuntu". Omutindo gw’ebintu by’okukoresa omu mipiira ogwaheebwayo minisiture n’omubaro gw’okubanza gw’omutindo gwa valvu omu ihanga ryangye, kandi “Ekitabo ky’okukora Valve” n’ebihandiiko by’okubanza eby’obuhangwa eby’okukora valvu ebi twateeraine, ebikozire omurimo murungi omu kutunguura omutindo gw’okukora ebintu bya valvu omu ihanga ryangye. Kurabira omu kucondooza oku okwabaireho omu ihanga ryona, ekikuru omu ntunguuka y’eby’obushuubuzi bwa valvu omu ihanga ryangye omu myaka 10 ehweire kishangirwe, kandi enkora ezirikukora kandi ezirikukora gye zikozirwe kwihaho kimwe okutooreza okurimu akavuyo okw’okukora valvu n’okubura omutindo. Tekinologiya y’okukora ebintu ekatwara eitembezo rihango omu maisho kandi yatandika kutaaha omu rurengo rusya rw’okweteekateekaho n’okutebeekanisa eby’okukora ebintu bingi.
03 Omubugufu
Kuruga 1949 kuhika 1959, eihanga ryangye .valveamakorero gakagaruka omu butabanguko bwa China eya ira kandi gatandika kutandika; kuruga aha kuboneza, okutooreza kuhika aha kwekorera .design n’okukora, kuruga aha kukora ebikwato by’okuteera amaizi g’omubiri kuhika aha kukora ebikwato by’okuteera ebikwato by’okuteera amaizi g’ahaiguru n’eby’ahaiguru, omu kubanza bikakora eby’okukora ebikwato by’okuteera amaizi. Kwonka ahabw‘okutunguuka kw‘ahonaaho kw‘okukora ebintu omu bwangu, hariho n‘ebizibu ebimwe. Kuruga obu kyateebwa omu ntebeekanisa y‘eihanga, ahansi y‘obutegyeki bw‘ahagati bwa minisiture y‘okubanza ey‘ebyoma, ekirikureetaho oburemeezi kishangirwe kurabira omu kucondooza n‘okucondooza, kandi eby‘okugarukamu n‘enkora ezirikukora kandi ezihikire zikozirwe kubaasa kushoboorora okukora valvu kugyendera aha sipiidi y‘okwombeka eby‘entaasya y‘eihanga, n‘ahabw‘entunguuka y‘amakorero ga valvu. Kandi okutandikaho ebibiina by’amakorero kutaireho omusingi murungi.
Obwire bw'okuhandiika: Okwamushanju-27-2022
