A.Okutaho valvu y'omuryango
Valvu y'omuryango, kandi emanyirwe nka gate valve, ni valve erikukoresa omuryango okutegyeka okukinga n’okukinga, kandi ehindura oku emipiira erikutambura kandi ekingura n’okukinga emipiira orikuhindura ekicweka ky’omusharaba.Valvu z'omuryango nizikira kukoresibwa aha mipiira erikwigura nari erikukingaho omu bwijwire omuhanda gw‘amaizi. Okutaho valvu y‘omuryango okutwarira hamwe tihariho ebirikwetengyesa kuhabura, kwonka tikurikubaasa kuhindurwa.
B.Okutahoensi valve
Valve ya globe ni valve erikukoresa disiki ya valve kuhabura okukinga n’okukinga. Tebeekanisa okutambura kw‘ahagati nari sharaho omuhanda gw‘ahagati orikuhindura omwanya oguri ahagati y‘ekipande ky‘okusheeshasheesha n‘entebe y‘okusheeshasheesha, nikwo kugira ngu, orikuhindura obuhango bw‘ekicweka ky‘omuhanda. Waaba nootaho ekikwato ky‘okukingaho, oine kuta omutima aha rubaju oru amaizi garikugyenderamu.
Omusingye ogu oine kukuratirwa waaba nootaho globe valve n’okugira ngu amaizi agari omu payipu nigahingura omu kiina kya valve kuruga ahansi kuza ahaiguru, ekirikumanyirwa munonga nka “low in and high out”, kandi tikirikwikirizibwa kugataho kugaruka enyima.
C.Okutaho valvu y'okukyebera
Reeba valvu, kandi emanyirwe nka check valve na one-way valve, ni valve erikwiguraho n’okukinga ahansi y’ebikorwa by’entaaniso ya pressure ahagati y’omu maisho n’enyima ya valve. Omurimo gwayo n’okukora ngu omugati gugyende omu rubaju rumwe rwonka n’okuzibira omugati kugaruka omu rubaju orurikugaruka enyima. Okurugiirira aha mitwarize yaabo etarikushushana, .kyebera za valvu harimu ekika ky‘okusimura, ekika ky‘okushutama n‘ekika kya wafer y‘ebinyonyi. Lift check valve neebaganisibwamu ebiri omu rubaju n’omu rubaju. Ku barikutaho .kyebera valvu, okuta omutima nakwo kushemerire kuheebwa aha rubaju orurikusheesheka kw‘omubazi kandi tigurikubaasa kuteebwa omu nkora y‘okugaruka enyima.
D.Okutaho valvu erikukyendeeza amaani
Valve erikukyendeeza aha pressure ni valve erikukyendeeza pressure y‘okutaaha kuhika aha pressure emwe erikwetengyesa kuruga omu nkora kurabira omu kuhindura, kandi neeyesiga amaani g‘omugati gwonka kubaasa kuguma neekora pressure y‘okuruga omu nkora.
1. Ekibiina ky‘okukyendeeza aha nkora ya valve ekiteirweho omu nkora y‘okutegyeka okutwarira hamwe nikiteebwa aha rubaju rw‘ekisiika aha rurengo oruhikire kuruga ahansi; ekibiina ky‘okukyendeeza aha nkora ya valvu ekiteirwe omu rubaju orurikuteebwa omu nkora okutwarira hamwe nikiteebwa aha nkora y‘okukora ey‘obutwire.
2. Ekyoma ky‘okukoresa nikiteebwa omu kisiika aheeru y‘ebikwato bibiri by‘okutegyeka (ebirikukira kukoresibwa aha bikwato bya globe) kubaasa kukora ekikwato ky‘okukwatiraho, kandi n‘omupiira gw‘okuhinguraho nagwo niguhamibwa aha kikwato ky‘okukwatiraho kubaasa kuhikaana n‘okuhikaana.
3. Valve erikukyendeeza aha pressure eshemerire kuteebwa egoroire aha payipu erikwemerera, kandi etashemerire kushendashenda. Omushaari oguri aha mubiri gwa valvu gushemerire kworeka ahu okusheeshasheesha kwagati kurikuza, kandi tigushemerire kuteebwa enyima.
4. Globe valves n’ebipimo bya pressure y’ahaiguru n’ahansi biine kuteebwa aha mbaju zombi kureeba empindahinduka za pressure zitakatandikire n’enyima ya valve. Diamita y’omupiira oguri enyima y’ekipimo ky’okukyendeeza aha nshoberwa eshemerire kuba 2#-3# mpango kukira diamita y’omupiira gw’okutaaha omu maisho g’ekipimo, kandi omupiira gw’okuhinguraho gushemerire kuteebwaho kubaasa kuguboneza.
5. Omupiira gw’okugyeragyeranisa pressure ogw’ekirungo ky’okukyendeeza pressure y’ekibunu gushemerire kukwatiraine n’omupiira gw’okukyendeeza pressure y’ahansi. Emipiira y‘omuyaga mukye eshemerire kuba eine ebikwato by‘okwerinda kureeba ngu enkora yaakora gye.
6. Ku kirikukoresibwa okukyendeeza aha nfuuzi, omupiira gw’okusheenya amaizi gushemerire kuteebwaho. Aha nkora z‘emipiira ezirikwetenga okushemezibwa kw‘ahaiguru, ekicweka ky‘okushwijuma kiine kuteebwaho omu maisho g‘ekicweka ky‘okukyendeeza aha nkora.
7. Bwanyima y‘okutaho guruupu y‘okukyendeeza aha nkora y‘okukyendeeza aha nkora, enkora y‘okukyendeeza aha nkora n‘enkora y‘okwerinda biine kugyezibwa aha nkora, kusheesheka kandi bikahindurwa kurugiirira aha byetengo by‘okukora, kandi akamanyiso akahinduirwe kashemerire kukorwa.
8. Waaba noosheesha valve y’okukyendeeza pressure, kinga valve y’okutaaha omu nkora y’okukyendeeza pressure kandi oigure valve y’okusheesha kubaasa kusheesha.
E.Okutaho emitego
Omurimo mukuru gw’omutego gw’omuriro n’okushohoza amaizi agarimu ebiriisa, empeho n’omuyaga gwa carbon dioxide omu nkora y’omuriro ahonaaho nk’oku kirikubaasika; omu bwire nibwo bumwe, nikibaasa kwezibira okusheeshasheesha kw’omuriro kuhika aha rurengo oruhango. Hariho emiringo mingi y’emitego, buri emwe eine emirimo etarikushushana.
1. Ebikwato by’okukingaho (ebikwato by’okukingaho) biine kuteebwaho bitakatandikire n’enyima, kandi ekishwijumwa kiine kuteebwaho ahagati y’omutego n’ekikwato ky’okukingaho eky’omu maisho okuzibira obukooko oburi omu maizi agarimu ebiriisa kuzibira omutego.
2. Omupiira gw’okukyebera gushemerire kuteebwa ahagati y’omutego gw’omuriro n’ekikwato ky’okukingaho eky’enyima kureeba yaaba omutego gw’omuriro nigukora gye. Omuyaga mwingi gwaba nigurugamu omupiira gw’okukyebera gwaba gukingirwe, nikimanyisa ngu omutego gw’omuyaga gucwekire kandi nigwetenga kubonezibwa.
3. Ekigyendererwa ky’okutaho omupiira gw’okuhinguraho n’okusheesha amaizi maingi agarimu amaizi omu bwire bw’okutandika n’okukyendeeza aha mugugu gw’okusheenya amaizi g’omutego.
4. Omutego gwaba nigukoresibwa kusheesha amaizi agarimu obucupa bw’ebikwato by’okuhemba, gushemerire kuteebwa aha kicweka kya hansi eky’ebikwato by’okuhemba, kugira ngu omupiira gw’okusheesha gugarukye omu mutego gw’omuriro omu nkora y’okuzibira amaizi kubiikwa omu bikwato by’okuhemba.
5. Omwanya gw’okutaho ebintu gushemerire kuba guri haihi n’omwanya ogu amaizi garikurugamu nk’oku kirikubaasika. Orugyendo rwaba ruri hare munonga, empeho nari omuyaga nibiija kwerundaana omu payipu ekye eri omu maisho g’omutego.
6. Omupiira gw’okusheenya amaizi (horizontal paipe) gw’omupiira gw’omuriro (steam main pipe) gwaba guri mureingwa munonga, ekizibu ky’okusheenya amaizi kiine kuteekateekwaho.
F.Okutaho valvu y'okwerinda
Valve y‘okwerinda ni valve y‘omutaano ei ebicweka ebirikwigura n‘okukinga biri omu mbeera y‘okukinga nk‘oku eri ahansi y‘okukora kw‘amaani g‘aheeru. Pressure y’omugati omu bikwato nari omu payipu ku erikweyongyera kurenga aha muheendo oguteirweho, neeshohoza omugati kuza aheeru y’enkora okuzibira pressure y’omugati omu payipu nari omu bikwato kurenga aha muheendo oguteirweho. .
1. Otakatairemu, ekintu kiine kukyeberwa gye kuhamya yaaba hariho satifikeeti y’okuhikiiriza n’ekitabo ky’ekintu, kugira ngu kishoboororwe gye okuguma nikigyemeserezibwa waaba nooruga omu ikorero.
2. Ekikwato ky‘okwerinda kiine kutebeekanisibwa haihi nk‘oku kirikubaasika n‘ekitebe ky‘okukyebera n‘okuboneza.
3. Safety valve eshemerire kuteebwa omu nkora, omugati gushemerire kuruga ahansi kuza ahaiguru, kandi okutegyeka kw’omuti gwa valve kushemerire kukyeberwa.
4. Omu mbeera eza butoosha, ebikwato by‘okukingaho tibirikubaasa kuteebwaho omu maisho n‘enyima y‘ekikwato ky‘okwerinda kureeba ngu hariho oburinzi n‘obwesigwa.
5. Okukyendeeza aha nkora ya Safety valve: omugati gwaba guri amaizi, okutwarira hamwe nigusheesheka omu payipu nari omu nkora ekingire; omubazi gwaba guri gaasi, okutwarira hamwe nigusheesheka omu mwanya gw’aheeru;
6. Omuringo gw’amajuta na gaasi omu bwijwire nigubaasa kusheesheka omu mwanya, kandi ahu orikuruga omu payipu y’okusheeshasheesha eya safety valve gushemerire kuba guri ahaiguru ya mita 3 kukira ebyombeko ebiri ahaiguru munonga ebyetooroire, kwonka embeera ezi ahaifo ziine kusheesheka omu nkora ekingire kureeba ngu hariho oburinzi.
7. Diamita y’omupiira gw’abantu eshemerire kuba haakiri eringana na diamita y’omupiira gw’okutaaha omu valve; oburaingwa bw’omupiira gw’okushohoza amaizi tibushemerire kuba bukye kukira oburaingwa bw’okushohoza amaizi omu valve, kandi omupiira gw’okushohoza amaizi gushemerire kwebemberwa aheeru kandi guteirweho n’ekikumu, kugira ngu omupiira gw’okushohoza amaizi gureebe omu mwanya ogurimu oburinzi.
8. Obwire obu safety valve erikuteebwaho, obu okuteerana ahagati y’ekikwato ky’okwerinda n’ebikwato n’omupiira birikwigura okushemeza, diamita y’okukingura eshemerire kuba eri nk’eya diamita y’eiziina y’ekikwato ky’okwerinda.
Obwire bw'okuhandiika: Okwamukaaga-10-2022
