Valve etakateirweho, okukyebera amaani ga valve n‘okukyebera okukingaho kwa valve biine kukorwa aha ntebe y‘okugyezesa valve hydraulic. 20% z’ebikwato by’okukyebera ebiri omu nkora ya low-pressure biine kukyeberwa omu muringo gw’okutooranamu, kandi 100% biine kukyeberwa byaba bitaine bihandiiko; 100% z‘ebikwato bya valvu eby‘omugati n‘eby‘ahaiguru biine kukyeberwa. Ebintu ebirikukira kukozesebwa omu kugyezaho pressure ya valve n’amaizi, amajuta, empeho, steam, nitrogen, n’ebindi Emiringo y’okugyezaho pressure ya valve z’amakorero obariiremu valvu z’omuyaga ni nk’egi:
Omuringo gw'okugyezesa amaani g'ekihuguhugu
Okugyezibwa kw’amaani g’ekibunu ky’omuyaga nikishushana n’eky’ekibunu ky’ensi. Omu kugyezibwa kw‘okukora kw‘okukingaho kw‘ekibunu ky‘ekinyonyi, omubazi gw‘okugyezesa gushemerire kutaaha kuruga aha muheru gw‘okusheesheka kw‘omubazi, empapura z‘ebinyonyi ziine kwigurwa, omuheru ogundi gukingirwe, kandi omuhimbo gw‘okutaho omubazi gushemerire kuhika aha muheendo ogumanyirwe; bwanyima y’okureeba ngu tihaine ekirikusheeshasheesha aha bikwatiraine n’okupakira n’ebindi, kinga ekipande ky’ebinyonyi, oigure omuheru ogundi, kandi okyebere valvu y’ebinyonyi. Tihariho kusheeshasheesha aha kipande ky’empapura ekihikire. Butterfly valve erikukoresibwa omu kuhabura okusheesheka neebaasa kutagyezibwa ahabw‘okukora gye kw‘okukinga.
Omuringo gw'okukyebera amaani g'okukyebera valvu
Embeera y‘okukyebera valve: axis y‘okusimura check valve disc eri omu mwanya ogurikuhikaana n‘omutindo; ekicweka ky‘omuhanda gw‘okukyebera valvu y‘okuzirika (swing check valve channel) n‘ekicweka kya disiki biri omu mwanya oguri haihi kuhikaana n‘omurongooti ogurikwemerera.
Omu bwire bw‘okugyezesa amaani, omuhanda gw‘okugyezesa nigutaaha kuruga omu ntandikwa kuhika aha muheendo ogumanyirwe, kandi omuheru ogundi nigukingwa, kandi guhikire kureeba ngu omubiri gwa valvu n‘ekifundikizo kya valvu tibiine kusheeshasheesha.
Omu kugyezibwa kw‘okukinga, omuhanda gw‘okukinga nigutaaha kuruga aha muheru gw‘okushohoza, kandi aha mutwe gw‘okukinga nigukyeberwa aha muheru gw‘okutaaha, kandi tihaine okusheeshasheesha aha kupakira n‘okukingaho okurikuhikiirira.
Omuringo gw'okugyezesa puresha ya valvu y'omuryango
Okugyezibwa kw’amaani g’ekikopo ky’omuryango nikwo kumwe n’okw’ekikopo ky’ensi. Hariho emiringo ebiri y’okugyezaho okuhamibwa kw’ekikwato ky’omuryango.
1Iguraho omuryango kugira ngu pressure eri omu valve etunguuke kuhika aha muheendo ogumanyirwe; reero okinge omuryango, oiheho valvu y’omuryango ahonaaho, oreebe yaaba hariho okusheeshasheesha aha bikwato ebiri aha mbaju zombi z’omuryango, nari oshukye butoosha omubazi gw’okugyezesa omu nfuuzi eri aha kifundikizo ky’omuryango kuhika aha muheendo ogurikworekwa , oreebe ebikwato ebiri aha mbaju zombi z’omuryango. Omuringo ogu aharuguru nigwetwa okugyezesa kwa pressure y‘ahagati. Omuringo ogu tigushemerire kukozesebwa omu kugyezaho okukingaho aha bikwato by’omuryango ebiine diamita y’eiziina eri ahansi ya DN32mm.
2Omuringo ogundi n’okukinga omuryango kugira ngu pressure y’okugyezesa valve etunguuke kuhika aha muheendo ogumanyirwe; reero okingye omuryango, oigure omuheru gumwe gw’ekipande ekikingire, kandi oreebe yaaba aha mutwe gw’ekipande ekirikukingaho hariho okusheeshasheesha. Reero ogarukye ogarukyemu ekigyezo eki aharuguru kuhitsya obu kiraabe kihikire.
Okugyezibwa kw’okuhamibwa kw’okupakira n’okukinga valve y’omuryango gw’omuyaga nikwija kukorwa okugyezibwa kw’okuhamibwa kw’omuryango kutakatandikire.
Omuringo gw'okugyezaho puresha ogwa valvu y'okukyendeeza puresha
1Okugyezibwa kw‘amaani g‘ekipimo ky‘okukyendeeza aha nkora y‘okuteerana okutwarira hamwe nikuteeranirwa hamwe bwanyima y‘okugyezibwa kw‘ekicweka kimwe, kandi nikubaasa n‘okugyezibwa bwanyima y‘okuteeranirwa hamwe. Obwire bw‘okukyebera amaani: edakiika 1 ahari DN<50mm; edakiika ezirengire ahari 2 ahabwa DN65～mm 150; ebirikukira aha dakiika 3 ahabwa DN>150mm.
Bwanyima y‘okuteerana ebibunu n‘ebicweka byabyo, taho emirundi 1.5 y‘okuteerana kw‘amaani g‘okukyendeeza okuteerana, kandi okore okugyezesa kw‘amaani n‘omuyaga.
2Okukyebera okutaaha kw’omuyaga nikwija kukorwa kurugiirira aha muringo gw’okukora gwenyini. Waaba noogyezaho n’omuyaga nari amaizi, gyezaho aha mirundi 1.1 y’omubaro gw’eiziina; waaba noogyezaho n‘omuriro, kozesa omuhimbo gw‘okukora ogurikukirayo ogurikwikirizibwa ahansi y‘obutagatsi bw‘okukora. Entaaniso eri ahagati ya pressure y’okutaaha n’okushohoza neeyetengyesa kuba etari ahansi ya 0.2MPa. Omuringo gw‘okugyezesa ni: bwanyima y‘okuhindura omuvugi w‘emotoka y‘omwika, mpora mpora hindura ekikwato ky‘okuhindura omuvugi w‘emotoka y‘omwika, kugira ngu omuvugi w‘emotoka y‘omwika ahindukye omu muringo gw‘obwegyendesereza kandi ogutarikuhwaho omu nkora y‘omuhendo gw‘ahaiguru n‘ogw‘ahansi, hatariho kuguma nari okuzibira. Aha nkora y‘okukyendeeza aha nkora y‘omuriro, enkora y‘okutaaha omu nju ku erikuba neehindurwa hare, enkora neekingirwa bwanyima y‘okukingaho, kandi enkora y‘okushohoza n‘emihendo y‘ahaiguru n‘ey‘ahansi. Omu dakiika 2, okweyongyera kw‘omuhimbo gw‘okushohoza kushemerire kuhikiiriza ebirikwetengyesa omu kipande kya 4.176-22. Omu bwire nibwo bumwe, omupiira oguri enyima ya valve gushemerire kuba Omubaro niguhikaana n‘ebirikwetengyesa omu kipande kya 4.18 kubaasa kuhikiiriza ebirikwetengyesa; aha bikwatiraine n‘okukyendeeza aha nkora y‘amaizi n‘omuyaga, enkora y‘okutaaha omu nkora yaaba etebekanisiibwe kandi enkora y‘okushohoza eri zero, enkora y‘okukyendeeza aha nkora neekingirwa ahabw‘okugyezibwa okuhamibwa, kandi tihaine okusheeshasheesha omu dakiika 2 okurikuba kuhikire.
Omuringo gw'okugyezesa puresha ahabwa valvu y'ensi hamwe na valvu ya throttle
Aha kugyezaho amaani ga globe valve na throttle valve, valve eteeraine neekira kuteebwa omu fureemu y‘okugyezaho pressure, valve disc neekingurwa, medium neeteebwa omu muheendo ogumanyirwe, kandi omubiri gwa valve n‘ekifundikizo kya valve nibikyeberwa kureeba yaaba hariho entutu n‘okusheeshasheesha. Okugyezibwa kw’amaani nakwo nikubaasa kukorwa aha kicweka kimwe. Okukyebera okuhamibwa n’okw’okukingaho valvu yonka. Omu bwire bw‘okugyezibwa, omuti gwa valvu gwa globe valve guri omu mbeera y‘okutegyeka, disiki ya valve neekinguka, omugati nigutaaha kuruga aha muheru gw‘ahansi gwa valve disiki kuhika aha muheendo ogumanyirwe, kandi okupakira n‘okukingaho nibikyeberwa; bwanyima y’okuraba omu kigyezo, disiki ya valve neekingwa, kandi omuheru ogundi gukingwa kureeba yaaba hariho okusheeshasheesha. Okugyezsa amaani n’okuhamibwa kwa valve kwaba kuri okw’okukorwa, okugyezsa amaani nikubaasa kubanza kukorwa, reero pressure neekyendeera kuhika aha muheendo ogurikworekwa ogw’okugyezsa okuhamibwa, kandi okupakira n’okukinga nibikyeberwa; obwo disiki ya valve neekingwa, kandi omuheru gw’okushohoza gukingurwa kureeba yaaba aha mutwe gw’okukingaho nigusheesheka.
Omuringo gw'okugyezesa amaani g'omupiira
Okugyezibwa kw‘amaani g‘omupiira gw‘omuyaga kushemerire kukorwa omu mbeera y‘ekicweka ky‘omupiira ekikingire.
1Okugyezibwa kw‘okukingaho valvu y‘omupiira ogurikugyendera aha maizi: ta valvu omu mbeera y‘okukinga kimwe kya kabiri, otaho omubazi gw‘okugyezesa aha rubaju rumwe, kandi okinge orubaju orundi; hindura omupiira emirundi mingi, oigure omuheru ogukingire obu valve eri omu mbeera ekingire, kandi oreebe okukora kw‘okukinga aha kupakira n‘okukinga omu bwire nibwo bumwe. Tihaine okusheeshasheesha okushemerire kubaho. Omuringo gw‘okukyebera niguheza gutaaha kuruga aha rubaju orundi kandi ekigyezo eki aharuguru nikigarukwamu.
2Okugyezibwa kw‘okukingaho omupiira ogutaine mpinduka: okugyezibwa kutakatandikire, hindura omupiira emirundi mingi otaine mugugu, omupiira oguhamire guri omu mbeera y‘okukinga, kandi omuhanda gw‘okugyezesa nigutaaha kuruga aha rubaju rumwe kuhika aha muheendo ogumanyirwe; okukora kw‘okukinga kw‘omuheru gw‘okutandikiraho nikukyeberwa n‘ekipimo ky‘okuteera, kandi obuhikire bw‘ekipimo ky‘okuteera ni 0 .5 kuhika ahari 1, orurengo ni 1.6 emirundi y‘okuteera kw‘okugyezesa. Omu bwire obuteirweho, haaba hatariho ekikorwa ky‘okukyendeeza aha nshonga, nikiba kihikire; reero otaho omubazi gw‘okukyebera kuruga aha rubaju orundi, kandi ogarukyemu ekigyezo eki aharuguru. Reero, ta valvu omu mbeera y’okukinga kimwe kya kabiri, okingye enshonda zombi, kandi oijuze ekiina ky’omunda n’ekiri ahagati. Reeba okupakira n’okukinga ahansi y’okugyezibwa kwa pressure, kandi tihaine okusheeshasheesha okushemerire kubaho.
3Valve y’omupiira ey’emiringo eshatu neija kugyezibwa kureeba yaaba egumire ahari buri mwanya.
Obwire bw'okuhandiika: Okwakashatu-02-2022
